ADIPONECTIN
Also known as
Endogenous adipose-derived hormone that regulates energy homeostasis and has anti-inflammatory properties. Studied as a biomarker and drug target for metabolic and cognitive conditions; preliminary evidence grade for administered use.
Evidence
Animal or in-vitro only
Risk band
Known AEs, monitoring advised
Research goals
Summary
Adiponectin is an endogenous adipose-derived hormone that regulates whole-body energy homeostasis by stimulating fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle and inhibiting hepatic glucose production [1]. It is a classic anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic agent acting through AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 receptors, with protective effects described for the vasculature, heart, lung, colon, and retina, and its production can be raised systemically by exercise [1,2]. Low or dysregulated levels are implicated in insulin resistance, inflammation, atherosclerosis, and cardiac and kidney disease, which is why much of its literature treats it as a biomarker and prospective drug target rather than a delivered therapeutic [3,4]. Authors note that adiponectin measurement is hampered by isoform complexity and the lack of a gold standard, and that adiponectin-based therapeutics remain in development [3,4]. The provided papers are all reviews of endogenous physiology with no interventional trials of administering adiponectin, so evidence for it as an administered therapeutic is preliminary.
Sources
- 1. Adiponectin Regulation and Function Comprehensive Physiology, 2018.
- 2. Adiponectin, exercise and eye diseases International review of neurobiology, 2019.
- 3. Adiponectin and Its Isoforms in Pathophysiology Advances in clinical chemistry, 2018.
- 4. Adiponectin Synthesis, Secretion and Extravasation from Circulation to Interstitial Space Physiology (Bethesda, Md.), 2021.
For educational purposes only.